The genome of Solanum tuberosum L.: from a doubled monoploid to the potato pangenome

The review presents the results of potato genome research over the past 15 years: from the sequencing of the first S. tuberosum L. genome till nowadays, when linear and graphical pangenomes of cultivars and related species in the Petota Dumort. section of the Solanum L. genus were created. Genomic analysis of cultivars and landraces, hybrid lines, and wild potato species revealed the enormous allelic diversity of the gene pool, as well as the complexity and dynamics of the genetic basis of one of the key crops for global and Russian agricultural production. Analysis of the structural variability of the cultivated and wild potato genomes revealed their complex evolutionary history and the impact of domestication on genomic diversity, loci, and alleles associated with important agronomic traits, resistance to abiotic and biotic stressors, and the genetic basis of inbreeding depression. Progress in the development of potato genomics contributes to a better understanding of the nature of the phenotypic diversity of this important food crop, expanding the capabilities of researchers engaged in solving problems of the evolution of tuber-forming Solanum spp., crop genetics, and breeding of new cultivars that would meet modern requirements.

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